01956nas a2200193   4500008004100000020001400041245009500055210006900150300001200219490000700231520131000238100001501548700001801563700001701581700001401598700001301612700001901625856011801644       2011                        eng d  a0022-389100aComputerized adaptive assessment of personality disorder: Introducing the CAT–PD project0 aComputerized adaptive assessment of personality disorder Introdu  a380-3890 v933 aAssessment of personality disorders (PD) has been hindered by reliance on the problematic categorical model embodied in the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Model of Mental Disorders (DSM), lack of consensus among alternative dimensional models, and inefficient measurement methods. This article describes the rationale for and early results from a multiyear study funded by the National Institute of Mental Health that was designed to develop an integrative and comprehensive model and efficient measure of PD trait dimensions. To accomplish these goals, we are in the midst of a 5-phase project to develop and validate the model and measure. The results of Phase 1 of the project—which was focused on developing the PD traits to be assessed and the initial item pool—resulted in a candidate list of 59 PD traits and an initial item pool of 2,589 items. Data collection and structural analyses in community and patient samples will inform the ultimate structure of the measure, and computerized adaptive testing will permit efficient measurement of the resultant traits. The resultant Computerized Adaptive Test of Personality Disorder (CAT–PD) will be well positioned as a measure of the proposed DSM–5 PD traits. Implications for both applied and basic personality research are discussed.1 aSimms, L J1 aGoldberg, L R1 aRoberts, J E1 aWatson, D1 aWelte, J1 aRotterman, J H  uhttp://iacat.org/content/computerized-adaptive-assessment-personality-disorder-introducing-cat%E2%80%93pd-project01447nas a2200133   4500008004100000245011400041210006900155300001000224490000700234520092000241100001501161700001501176856012201191       2005                        eng d00aValidation of a computerized adaptive version of the Schedule of Non-Adaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP)0 aValidation of a computerized adaptive version of the Schedule of  a28-430 v173 a    This is a validation study of a computerized adaptive (CAT) version of the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) conducted with 413 undergraduates who completed the SNAP twice, 1 week apart. Participants were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 retest groups: (a) paper-and-pencil (P&P) SNAP, (b) CAT, (c) P&P/CAT, and (d) CAT/P&P. With number of items held constant, computerized administration had little effect on descriptive statistics, rank ordering of scores, reliability, and concurrent validity, but was preferred over P&P administration by most participants. CAT administration yielded somewhat lower precision and validity than P&P administration, but required 36% to 37% fewer items and 58% to 60% less time to complete. These results confirm not only key findings from previous CAT simulation studies of personality measures but extend them for the 1st time to a live assessment setting. 1 aSimms, L J1 aClark, L J  uhttp://iacat.org/content/validation-computerized-adaptive-version-schedule-non-adaptive-and-adaptive-personality-snap02788nas a2200121   4500008004100000245013500041210006900176300000900245490000700254520226900261100001502530856012102545       2003                        eng d00aDevelopment, reliability, and validity of a computerized adaptive version of the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality0 aDevelopment reliability and validity of a computerized adaptive   a34850 v633 aComputerized adaptive testing (CAT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) techniques were applied to the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) to create a more efficient measure with little or no cost to test reliability or validity. The SNAP includes 15 factor analytically derived and relatively unidimensional traits relevant to personality disorder. IRT item parameters were calibrated on item responses from a sample of 3,995 participants who completed the traditional paper-and-pencil (P&P) SNAP in a variety of university, community, and patient settings. Computerized simulations were conducted to test various adaptive testing algorithms, and the results informed the construction of the CAT version of the SNAP (SNAP-CAT). A validation study of the SNAP-CAT was conducted on a sample of 413 undergraduates who completed the SNAP twice, separated by one week. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups who completed (1) a modified P&P version of the SNAP (SNAP-PP) twice (n = 106), (2) the SNAP-PP first and the SNAP-CAT second (n = 105), (3) the SNAP-CAT first and the SNAP-PP second (n = 102), and (4) the SNAP-CAT twice (n = 100). Results indicated that the SNAP-CAT was 58% and 60% faster than the traditional P&P version, at Times 1 and 2, respectively, and mean item savings across scales were 36% and 37%, respectively. These savings came with minimal cost to reliability or validity, and the two test forms were largely equivalent. Descriptive statistics, rank-ordering of scores, internal factor structure, and convergent/discriminant validity were highly comparable across testing modes and methods of scoring, and very few differences between forms replicated across testing sessions. In addition, participants overwhelmingly preferred the computerized version to the P&P version. However, several specific problems were identified for the Self-harm and Propriety scales of the SNAP-CAT that appeared to be broadly related to IRT calibration difficulties. Reasons for these anomalous findings are discussed, and follow-up studies are suggested. Despite these specific problems, the SNAP-CAT appears to be a viable alternative to the traditional P&P SNAP. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2003 APA, all rights reserved).1 aSimms, L J  uhttp://iacat.org/content/development-reliability-and-validity-computerized-adaptive-version-schedule-nonadaptive-and00550nas a2200097   4500008003900000245013500039210006900174260007200243100001500315856012200330       2002                          d00aDEVELOPMENT, RELIABILITY, AND VALIDITY OF A COMPUTERIZED ADAPTIVE VERSION OF THE SCHEDULE FOR NONADAPTIVE AND ADAPTIVE PERSONALITY0 aDEVELOPMENT RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF A COMPUTERIZED ADAPTIVE   aUnpublished Ph. D. dissertation, University of Iowa, Iowa City Iowa1 aSimms, L J  uhttp://iacat.org/content/development-reliability-and-validity-computerized-adaptive-version-schedule-nonadaptive-an-0