@article {7,
	title = {Development and preliminary testing of a computerized adaptive assessment of chronic pain},
	journal = {Journal of Pain},
	volume = {10},
	number = {9},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Anatchkova, Milena DSaris-Baglama, Renee NKosinski, MarkBjorner, Jakob B1R43AR052251-01A1/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United StatesEvaluation StudiesResearch Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralUnited StatesThe journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain SocietyJ Pain. 2009 Sep;10(9):932-43.},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {932-943},
	edition = {2009/07/15},
	abstract = {The aim of this article is to report the development and preliminary testing of a prototype computerized adaptive test of chronic pain (CHRONIC PAIN-CAT) conducted in 2 stages: (1) evaluation of various item selection and stopping rules through real data-simulated administrations of CHRONIC PAIN-CAT; (2) a feasibility study of the actual prototype CHRONIC PAIN-CAT assessment system conducted in a pilot sample. Item calibrations developed from a US general population sample (N = 782) were used to program a pain severity and impact item bank (kappa = 45), and real data simulations were conducted to determine a CAT stopping rule. The CHRONIC PAIN-CAT was programmed on a tablet PC using QualityMetric{\textquoteright}s Dynamic Health Assessment (DYHNA) software and administered to a clinical sample of pain sufferers (n = 100). The CAT was completed in significantly less time than the static (full item bank) assessment (P < .001). On average, 5.6 items were dynamically administered by CAT to achieve a precise score. Scores estimated from the 2 assessments were highly correlated (r = .89), and both assessments discriminated across pain severity levels (P < .001, RV = .95). Patients{\textquoteright} evaluations of the CHRONIC PAIN-CAT were favorable. PERSPECTIVE: This report demonstrates that the CHRONIC PAIN-CAT is feasible for administration in a clinic. The application has the potential to improve pain assessment and help clinicians manage chronic pain.},
	keywords = {*Computers, *Questionnaires, Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Chronic Disease, Cohort Studies, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Pain Measurement/*methods, Pain, Intractable/*diagnosis/psychology, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, User-Computer Interface},
	isbn = {1528-8447 (Electronic)1526-5900 (Linking)},
	author = {Anatchkova, M. D. and Saris-Baglama, R. N. and Kosinski, M. and Bjorner, J. B.}
}
@article {30,
	title = {Calibration of an item pool for assessing the burden of headaches: an application of item response theory to the Headache Impact Test (HIT)},
	journal = {Quality of Life Research},
	volume = {12},
	number = {8},
	year = {2003},
	note = {0962-9343Journal Article},
	pages = {913-933},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Measurement of headache impact is important in clinical trials, case detection, and the clinical monitoring of patients. Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) of headache impact has potential advantages over traditional fixed-length tests in terms of precision, relevance, real-time quality control and flexibility. OBJECTIVE: To develop an item pool that can be used for a computerized adaptive test of headache impact. METHODS: We analyzed responses to four well-known tests of headache impact from a population-based sample of recent headache sufferers (n = 1016). We used confirmatory factor analysis for categorical data and analyses based on item response theory (IRT). RESULTS: In factor analyses, we found very high correlations between the factors hypothesized by the original test constructers, both within and between the original questionnaires. These results suggest that a single score of headache impact is sufficient. We established a pool of 47 items which fitted the generalized partial credit IRT model. By simulating a computerized adaptive health test we showed that an adaptive test of only five items had a very high concordance with the score based on all items and that different worst-case item selection scenarios did not lead to bias. CONCLUSION: We have established a headache impact item pool that can be used in CAT of headache impact.},
	keywords = {*Cost of Illness, *Decision Support Techniques, *Sickness Impact Profile, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Comparative Study, Disability Evaluation, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Headache/*psychology, Health Surveys, Human, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Migraine/psychology, Models, Psychological, Psychometrics/*methods, Quality of Life/*psychology, Software, Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t},
	author = {Bjorner, J. B. and Kosinski, M. and Ware, J. E., Jr.}
}
